Typically, an IGU consists of two or more panes of glass that are hermetically sealed around their edges. The space between these panes is filled with air or an inert gas, such as argon or krypton, which has a lower thermal conductivity than air. This gas-filled cavity reduces heat transfer between the indoors and outdoors, significantly enhancing energy efficiency. Moreover, the external and internal surfaces of the glass may be treated with low-emissivity (Low-E) coatings. These coatings reflect infrared energy, further improving the thermal performance by keeping heat inside during the winter months and blocking it during the summer.
The applications of IGU glass span a range of sectors, from residential to commercial and industrial settings. In homes, IGUs are integral to energy-efficient window designs, sliding doors, and even skylights. Commercial buildings utilize IGU glass for storefronts and curtain walls, providing a modern and professional look while ensuring energy efficiency. Furthermore, IGUs can be customized for specific projects, allowing architects to implement unique design elements without sacrificing performance.