A manhole cover was accidentally launched from its shaft during an underground nuclear test in 1957. During the Operation Plumbbob nuclear tests, a 900-kilogram (1,984 lb) steel plate cap was blasted off the test shaft at an unknown speed and appeared as a blur on a single frame of film of the test. It was never recovered, but it likely burned up in the atmosphere due to friction. If the manhole cover had made it into space, it would have been the first known man-made object in space, as it pre-dated the launch of Sputnik 1 by 38 days. A calculation before the event gave a predicted speed of six times Earth escape velocity. After the event, Dr. Robert R. Brownlee described the best estimate of the cover's speed from the photographic evidence as going like a bat out of hell![27][28][29]
Bollards, typically short, sturdy columns, serve a myriad of purposes. Originally designed to protect ships from colliding with docks and other vessels, their modern applications have expanded significantly. Today, they can be found in various settings across cities, from parking lots to pedestrian walkways, and even in busy metropolitan areas. Their primary function is to delineate spaces, acting as barriers that prevent vehicles from entering areas designated for pedestrians. This is particularly important in ensuring the safety of those walking or cycling in busy urban centers.
Stormwater channels are specially designed pathways that guide excess rainwater away from streets, parking lots, and other urban surfaces. They can take various forms, including open ditches, swales, and culverts. The primary purpose of these channels is to direct stormwater toward drainage systems or natural water bodies, thereby preventing water accumulation that can lead to flooding.
A community that fosters cycling also promotes a healthier lifestyle among its residents. Regular cycling can significantly contribute to physical fitness, mental well-being, and overall health. By providing lockable bike racks, cities encourage more individuals to cycle as part of their daily routine. This infrastructure serves as an invitation for people to incorporate cycling into their lives, whether it’s for commuting to work, running errands, or leisurely rides.
Other practical reasons also explain why manhole covers are round. For example, once a round cover is removed, it can be transported easily, simply by rolling it along the ground. Or, equally practical, a round manhole cover is easier, less costly and more efficient to produce because its surface area is smaller than a square cover of comparable width.
In conclusion, the act of lifting drain covers is a vital task that contributes significantly to safety, environmental health, and urban maintenance. While it may seem like a mundane chore, its implications are far-reaching. Regular inspections and prompt maintenance can prevent accidents, mitigate environmental pollution, and foster community involvement. As cities continue to grow and face the challenges of climate change, the importance of maintaining effective drainage systems through diligent care of drain covers cannot be overstated. By recognizing the significance of this simple yet crucial task, we can work towards safer, cleaner, and more resilient urban environments.